From the technology page:
- The calendar is OE (Orbital Era). The show takes place in OE 311.
- The population of Earth exceeded 10 billion. This caused environmental problems and scarcity of natural resources. The population decided that Earth should recover. Until then, the majority of mankind would need to leave Earth. The place where they moved to needed to be like Earth too. The Moon was out of the question due to gravity and Mars was too far away. Aside from those issues, the Moon and Mars have different atmospheres. Instead of forcefully changing an environment to their liking, they created 5 colonies at the 5 Lagrange Points that would mimic Earth’s atmosphere and landscape.
- Each colony is called a Structure, and is made of 2+ Archipelagos. Archipelago = Made of seven connecting Islands, forms a hexagon. Island = Cylinder shape. In an Archipelago, the middle Island is a solar energy power plant, and the surrounding six Islands are for living.
- The highest form of authority is the OU Assembly (Orbital Union) which is made of representatives from each colony. There are also individual governments that operate each colony (Lagrange Government). The Lagrange Government sets “laws, taxes, etc”, while the trivial issues are left in the hands of the governments of each Structure. For comparison, I would say that a colony = a country, a Structure = a state, and an Island = a county.
- The colonies:
- Lagrange 1 – The Ule People’s Republic Sphere: China, India
- Lagrange 2 – The United States of Rayet Sphere: North and South America
- Lagrange 3 – The Dalibard Joint Sphere: European Union, Eastern Europe, Russia
- Lagrange 4 – The Ellenberg Union Sphere: Israel, the Middle East, Africa
- Lagrange 5 – The Kirkwood Co-Prosperity Sphere: Japan, Asian nations, Australia
Gundam 00 Solution: Death laser
Sora wo Kakeru Shoujo Solution: They’re living together in space
Eej and I find this to be more far out than the rest of SoraKake:
[09:20] <Eej> that is probably the most fantastical element of sora kake
[09:20] <Eej> tbqh
[09:20] <Eej> lelouch colony
[09:20] <Eej> four legged mecha
[09:20] <Eej> all believable
[09:20] <Eej> but that
[09:21] <Eej> no way
[09:21] <Eej> this is Sunrise trolling everyone
[09:21] <Eej> even the I/P conflict
The anime has a backdrop in solving rather large issues. Overpopulation, natural resource scarcity, environment, somehow the Middle East. I’m curious, but SoraKake is gag-ish so I doubt they’ll ever explain how things in the Middle East were resolved.

Well the sub I saw said this takes place 10,000 years from now. Dunno, but I would maybe think that would be the reason the conflict was ended. Oh shit we ruined our planet, might as well get along in space? Since the whole issue is that land there, everyone leaving ends that conflict (for now at least).